Autonomy levels
The eight-level autonomy ladder, how defaults, rules and floors combine, and why autonomy is qualified and human-accepted before it is raised.
Autonomy is a number you choose per situation, capped by floors nobody below the organization can lower. Start supervised, qualify, authorize.
The ladder
AutonomyLevel is an ordered enum. Each level includes the ones below it.
| Level | Meaning |
|---|---|
AUTONOMY_LEVEL_OBSERVE | Read and report. No proposals are made. |
AUTONOMY_LEVEL_SUGGEST | Propose changes without applying them. |
AUTONOMY_LEVEL_IMPLEMENT | Produce an implementation in an isolated workspace. |
AUTONOMY_LEVEL_PR | Open a pull request. A human merges. |
AUTONOMY_LEVEL_MERGE | Merge after the required checks and approvals. |
AUTONOMY_LEVEL_STAGE | Deploy to a staging environment. |
AUTONOMY_LEVEL_RELEASE | Release to production through the release pipeline. |
AUTONOMY_LEVEL_OPERATE | Observe and recover released changes within bounds. |
Autonomy policy explorer
Given defaults, rules and floors, what is the highest level this change may reach?
- OPERATEoperations against production
- RELEASEdeploys to production
- STAGEdeploys to pre-production
- MERGEmerges when policy allowsrequestedeffective
- PRopens pull requests
- IMPLEMENTwrites in a sandbox
- SUGGESTproposes, writes nothing
- OBSERVEreads only
The dependency-upgrade rule matches and requests MERGE. No floor matches, so nothing lowers it.
- 1 · Defaultdefaults.level = PR (overridden by the matching rule)
- 2 · Rule: dependency-upgrade, LOW → MERGEmatchedplaybook (resolver context): dependency-upgrade ✓ · risk (exact): LOW ✓
- 3a · Floor: risk HIGH or higher → max SUGGESTnot matchedrisk (resolver context): LOW; a floor matches that class and every higher one.
- 3b · Floor: environment production → max MERGEnot matchedenvironment (resolver context): a different environment.
- 4 · Resultmin(requested MERGE, lowest matching floor none) = MERGE
apiVersion: numinance.dev/v1kind: AutonomyPolicymetadata: {name: org-ladder, scope: SCOPE_ORG}spec:defaults: {level: AUTONOMY_LEVEL_PR}rules:- {match: {playbook: dependency-upgrade, risk: RISK_CLASS_LOW}, level: AUTONOMY_LEVEL_MERGE}(matched)floors:rules:- {match: {risk: RISK_CLASS_HIGH}, max_level: AUTONOMY_LEVEL_SUGGEST}- {match: {environment: production}, max_level: AUTONOMY_LEVEL_MERGE}
- Kernel floors are always on. They sit under every policy and no rule or default removes them.
- The highest configured level never bypasses a matching floor. Floors cap; they are not suggestions.
- Promotion is proposed, then accepted. Evaluation may propose a higher level; a human accepts it. An agent never grants itself a rung.
Text description
The ladder is the AutonomyLevel enum, lowest to highest: OBSERVE (reads only), SUGGEST (proposes, writes nothing), IMPLEMENT (writes in a sandbox), PR (opens pull requests), MERGE (merges when policy allows), STAGE (deploys to pre-production), RELEASE (deploys to production), OPERATE (operations against production).
Resolution follows AutonomyPolicySpec: the level is the lowest level among matching rules, else defaults.level; then no level above the lowest max_level among the matching floors. The example policy is org-ladder: default PR; one rule (playbook dependency-upgrade and risk LOW sets MERGE); two floors (risk HIGH or higher caps at SUGGEST; environment production caps at MERGE).
- In a rule, risk matches exactly and a key the change has no value for does not match.
- In a floor, risk matches that class and every higher one, and a key the change has no value for counts as a match, which is why the toggle
nonefor environment still matches the production floor. - The playbook, risk and environment values are the resolver context of the change. They are not extra fields on a rule. The what-if rule level only changes the simulation; the YAML shown is the real example text.
- Kernel floors are always on. Promotion to a higher level is proposed by evaluation and accepted by a human, and is never self-granted.
- An org with no floors gets the shipped floor (SUGGEST for HIGH and PRIVILEGED, PR for the rest); control-pack floors can only add caps.
Everything here is simulated in the browser from the example policy. Nothing is connected to a running engine.
Defaults, rules and floors
An AutonomyPolicy has three parts in its spec: defaults, rules and floors. This is the organization example from the spec:
apiVersion: numinance.dev/v1
kind: AutonomyPolicy
metadata: {name: org-ladder, scope: SCOPE_ORG}
spec:
defaults: {level: AUTONOMY_LEVEL_PR}
rules:
- {match: {playbook: dependency-upgrade, risk: RISK_CLASS_LOW}, level: AUTONOMY_LEVEL_MERGE}
floors:
rules:
- {match: {risk: RISK_CLASS_HIGH}, max_level: AUTONOMY_LEVEL_SUGGEST}
- {match: {environment: production}, max_level: AUTONOMY_LEVEL_MERGE}- A default is where a change lands if nothing more specific matches.
- A rule matches on
playbook,riskandenvironmentand sets alevel. Rules can raise or lower the default. - A floor is a ceiling in practice: it sets a
max_levelfor matching changes. A rule cannot exceed it. In the example, high-risk changes can never go aboveSUGGEST, and production never aboveMERGE, whatever a rule says.
Floors are declared with a merge directive that forbids overriding them in lower scopes: a repository policy cannot lift what the organization capped. numi init writes a repository policy at AUTONOMY_LEVEL_PR with no floors block, because floors set below the org scope are refused.
What the open build checks
numi validate --files checks that the document is schema-valid. It does not resolve profiles or apply floors. Ordinary numi validate passes the schema checks and then exits 7, because profile resolution needs the proprietary engine.
Start supervised, qualify, authorize
A higher level is not granted because a model got better. The intended path is:
- Start at a supervised level, typically
AUTONOMY_LEVEL_PR, where a human merges every change. - Qualify: a playbook can declare
qualificationthresholds, such as a minimum number of runs and maximum rework, regression and rollback rates, with zero security escapes. These are measured over real runs. - Authorize: a human accepts the promotion by changing policy. The agent cannot promote itself, and a failed qualification does not raise a level automatically.
If outcomes degrade, the same path works downward: lower the default or add a floor.
Failure modes
- A rule asks for
MERGEon a high-risk change: the floor wins and the change stays atSUGGEST. - A repository tries to set floors: the document is refused.
- The breaker moves to a more restrictive position: the effective level drops regardless of policy.
Next steps
Change lifecycle
The durable stages every change passes through - Understand, Plan, Act, Verify, Evidence - and the release, observe and recover stages that exist only when authorized.
Governed execution
How policy outside the model, capability grants, four distinct identities, protected paths, the circuit breaker and break-glass keep an agent's actions bounded.